OASIS

Presentation Abstract

Session:	Vaccines for Special Populations: Uptake, Impact, and Challenges
	Friday, Sep 18, 2015, 12:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presentation Title:	Limited Effect of Healthcare Worker Influenza Vaccination Rates on the Incidence of Nosocomial Influenza Infections
Location:	Exhibit Hall F
Poster Board Number:	I-296
Pres. Time:	Friday, Sep 18, 2015, 12:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Category:	I
Keywords:	nosocomial infections; Influenza vaccine; healthcare workers
Author(s):	B. Dionne, M. Brett, K. Culbreath, R. C. Mercier; Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
Financial Disclosures:	B. Dionne, None.. M. Brett, None.. K. Culbreath, None.. R. C. Mercier, None.
Biography:	No Abstract Present.
Abstract:	Background: Seasonal influenza accounts for more than 200,000 hospitalizations and 49,000 deaths annually. Nosocomial outbreaks are well-documented, and each case adds $7545 to the cost of care. Studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between healthcare worker (HCW) vaccination and nosocomial influenza; however, these studies were limited by low overall rates of HCW vaccination and used less sensitive and specific methods. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to determine the nosocomial influenza rate in relationship to HCW vaccination rate. All patients with positive influenza DFA or PCR assay ordered between Oct. 1 and May 31 from 2010-2015 (March 31 of 2015) were eligible for inclusion. Nosocomial influenza was defined as a positive influenza test collected ≥48 hours after admission in patients without influenza-like illness present within 24 hours of admission. A nosocomial influenza rate was calculated by dividing the number of nosocomial cases by the total number of admitted patients with influenza for each season. A univariate logistic regression was used to determine association between HCW vaccination rates and nosocomial influenza. Results: Overall, there were 523 admitted patients with influenza over five seasons. Most of the patients were of extremes of age: 163 patients were <20, and 119 patients were ≥60 years old. H1N1 mainly affected young and middle age adults while H3N2 primarily affected the extremes of age. HCW vaccination rates increased over the 5 seasons from 47% to 96% (p < 0.001). Despite an initial decrease in nosocomial influenza rate during the first year (9% to 4.9%), subsequent seasons failed to show an additional decrease in nosocomial infections (4.3%, 5.2%, and 5.1%, respectively); the overall decrease in nosocomial influenza rates from the first season to the final season was not significant (p=0.336). No association was found between HCW vaccination rates and nosocomial influenza rates [OR 0.454 (95% CI; 0.067, 3.068)]. Conclusion: HCW vaccination rates above 50% do not have a significant effect on nosocomial influenza. Other interventions, such as visitor policy or contact precautions, may have more effect on preventing nosocomial infection when HCW vaccination rates are above this threshold.


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